Intelligent Transportation Systems and Winter Operations In Japan
FHWA International Technology Exchange Programs

September 2003

Click on a link below to jump to the next part of the report:
General Information
Executive Summary
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 - General Observations
Chapter 3 - Key Fndings
Chapter 4 - Conclusion
Chapter 5 - Recommendations
Chapter 6 - Implementation Plans
Appendix A: Amplifying Questions
Appendix B: Team Members
Appendix C: Host Country Contacts

CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSIONS

The Japanese organizations the scanning team visited were generous in sharing their experiences with and advances in ITS and winter operations. The visits with selected European researchers also yielded valuable information. A number of conclusions were drawn from the team findings generated during these discussions.
Advanced winter maintenance equipment continues to be developed and evaluated in Japan and Europe. Advances in vehicle-based technologies have created great potential for improving operations and saving money. The scanning team believes a need exists to further examine advanced maintenance vehicle systems, AVL and navigation systems, and vehicle-mounted performance-monitoring systems for potential implementation in the United States. Japanese and some European agencies are coming to the conclusion that mechanical measurements of friction on snow- and ice-covered pavements cannot be used to make operational decisions. This is reinforced by interest in vehicle-mounted road surface condition monitoring systems that do not rely on friction measurements.

Significant advances continue to be made in Japan and Europe on improving the communication systems and protocols used between RWIS sensors and operations centers. A Road Web Markup Language (RWML) has been developed in Japan based on the next-generation eXtensible Markup Language (XML). RWML has enabled road weather information to be distributed easily on the Internet to PCs in road administration offices, maintenance garages, and traffic control centers.
Integrated ITS corridors are developing in various countries that include surveillance systems (monitoring environmental, traffic, and road conditions) and automated corridor management systems. The scanning team believes these integrated ITS corridors need to be investigated for weather-related inputs.

While siting standards exist for weather information systems such as those used by the National Weather Service, no such standards exist for environmental sensor stations (ESS) installed along or near roadways. The scanning team sees a need for developing ESS siting standards and associated implementation guidance.
Many European countries have not yet achieved full data sharing between their RWIS sites and their national meteorological agencies, but they are working toward that end. Examples across the United Stated demonstrate the benefits of collaboration between the NWS and State DOTs on road weather information. The scanning team sees a need to develop a collaborative, data-sharing effort involving FHWA, NWS, State and local DOTs, and private sector partners to improve weather information for the highway environment.

Finally, the team sees a need to document domestic and international winter maintenance performance standards by road classification and evaluation measures used. Compiling performance-based standards and identifying the circumstances under which the measures work best will help maintenance management with internal assessments and contract monitoring.

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